The History of England (part-5)
If you haven't seen a previous episode, Watch the previous episode first, Otherwise you won't understand this episode.
After the 4th episode
1369 the war had returned
Propagated by the French this time under Charles off, hence it became known as the Carolina war.
The pope pleaded with the fighters to find peace where the church was concerned and could not really convince the two to cease hostilities.
Edward, the son of Edward, the black prince, would die in 1376 and Edward a third in
1377 and if the third would be succeeded by his grandson, who became Richard a second in 1377
However, Richard was only 10 years old at a time, and therefore the regency under john of Richard's skinny uncle settled in
1381
Following the stresses of the black death when the stresses of taxes used to pay for the war the English peasantry
Revolt led by Walt Tyler of Kent, the revolt itself was not very successful and ended within half a year.
But it showed the socio-economic tension in England during this era three years later in the
1384 the war with Scotland started again
And the king was forced to raise taxes, which made king Richard even more unpopular.
Meanwhile, the French excavated many of their territories that had been lost in the first phase of the hundred years' war.
By bringing the English to accept the truce in 1389, the French had won the second phase of the war and peace would continue until
1415 Richard ii was dethroned in
1399 and succeeded by john Agon's son henry the fourth henry the fourth was curiously the first king since Harold Godwinson
Whose mother tongue was English, not French, and very significantly was he the first king of the Lancastrian branch of the house of Plantagenet?
He would rule until
1413 when he was succeeded by his son henry
V, who would play an important role in the hundred years' war, he would also assert his right to the French throne and after making
Alliance with the Burgundians in
1415 henry would invade Normandy and, unfortunately for the French, all six of king Charles were insane
Basically, he was incapable of ruling and this caused a great division among the French nobility over his succession in some civilian.
War at this crucial moment on October 25 of that same year took place the battle of Agincourt
And this was a third great French military disaster, English tactics and technology succeeded again and the English loss perhaps
While French law is very likely to push more than 8,000 Henri into France and indeed eventually, in a sense, secure the French throne.
Henry is declared to be following a treaty of Troyes, Charles's heir is the king of France to further assure this.
He marries the king's daughter, Catherine.
But then something unexpected
Henri happens young of dysentery in
1422 just two months before Charles 6 days now henry's heir was his son also called henry
But the French don't
Recognize young Enrique as the heir; instead, they named the son of their king Charles, who would be Charles the seventh king and, of course,
War
Keep going
It would have been very interesting to have seen what would have happened if henry v had not died young and carried on.
Becoming king of France, but of course that's not what happened to the war back through a new hero.
Or rather, the heroine would upload this scene this time on the side of the French woman, a young woman from the lower classes named Jang Dok.
Or in English
Joan of arc Joan had claimed to have had a vision of the saints telling her that it was her duty to drive out the English
And France and she tries to tell the king of Francis that the king was not interested at first until he made an accurate prediction.
Regarding a next
Battle
After this, the king decided to listen and claimed that he had to lead the French army to relieve the city of Orly.
Out of a place he did it and came out victorious
Later appointed commander of the French post
Forces now in this time period the French would have been reluctant to accept a female farmer as commander
But France was running out of options right now
And she seemed to be
However, she was not very successful in the war when she was only 19 years old.
The Burgundians captured her and sold her to the English and the English found her guilty of heresy and burned her at the stake.
The English had finally captured Joan of arc, but her effect was irreversible and the French were now winning the war.
Technically ends in
1453 at the battle of castile, where England lost all the lands of modern France except Calais and France secured her victory despite
Officially speaking, the two nations would remain at war with each other for twenty more years and
England would continue to claim the crown of France for many more years.
After this war, England would begin to enter the modern era, social, technological and governmental and other aspects of English society.
And changing and would continue to change after the hundred years war
But another conflict has been brewing throughout the hundred years war, however, an internal conflict in England that would arise after the end of
The war and the end of the reign of henry vi, who was considered a poor king and
Exacerbated by his wife Margaret of Anjou the wars of the wine roses to be called
The wars of the roses were a series of civil conflicts fought for control of the store between the two houses of the
Plantagenet dynasty the
Lancastrians
Represented by a red rose and the Yorkists
Represented by a white rose, the conflict was not as dry and dry as is often portrayed in tales of the time, especially those of
Shakespeare and even though it lasted thirty years
It was not a brutal and agonizing war on the part of the English people in the year
1485 the conflict comes to an end when henry the seventh enslaves Richard the third at the battle of Bosworth, a battle that only
Claimed the lives of some 2,000 men
But it marked the end of the English middle ages for good old henry vii the
Lancaster with questionable heritage merges the two houses of York and Lancaster into the house of Tudor by marrying henry's daughter
The fourth Elizabeth she represents with the white and red rose as shown here and England is moving into a new era.
Though now the ruler of rebirth
England henry vii still had to clean up since the middle ages the wars of the roses had fractured the government of England
And he struggled to hold onto his crown wisely enough. Henry pursued a peaceful foreign policy trying to improve ties with both.
Scotland and France
Henry vii died on April 21
In 1509 he was succeeded by his 17-year-old son who became henry viii, thus ensuring the continuation of the Tudor dynasty.
Enrique would be a very busy king, although in the eyes of many of the days he would not be the best, his older brother.
Arturo had died seven years before leaving him the royal duties, in fact, Enrique would simply marry his widow Catalina de Aragón.
Daughter of the king and queen of Spain
Catherine would give him two children
But both would be born dead
The inability to produce an heir would worry henry greatly; the concern was to ensure his access and not only would he annoy henry.
But in the meantime it would cause England a lot of trouble for years to come.
Henry would come into conflict with the French largely for personal glory, since these wars of which she is really small at the same time.
Scotland would invade England, which would be another
Relatively pointless war so henry would take credit and win even though Katherine had driven and mattered while henry was no friend.
Katherine was still unable to produce a male heir, although she had had a daughter, Mary.
Mary would be the only one of Katherine's seven children who would live to adulthood. This deeply concerned henry, an heiress herself.
It was a concern for the 16th century nation, much less a nation that had just emerged from the war of the roses.
Henry was determined to have such a determined male heir in fact that he would make an incredibly bold move that he essentially stuck with.
Three options that could legitimize one of his illegitimate children that would have been problematic
Could have tried to have a grandson to inherit the throne, which would also have been problematic or
He could divorce his wife and marry a new one. He chose a third option in 1527, but the pope did not approve it.
So how does henry respond that he completely leaves the church and starts his own church?
Not while the English reform at the time was incredibly bold, it occurred at the same time as the much larger reform.
The protestant reformation, although the English reformation was obviously less about religion and more about politics.
Henry took this or the rest of England very seriously to convert to his religion and indeed
Executing many who actively resisted this schism would change English history and lead to permanent religious disagreement among Europeans for centuries.
Henry would later marry Cane Boleyn, who would give birth to a daughter Elizabeth and also, very unfortunately, a stillborn son.
How does henry respond to this not very?
He maturely he was convinced that he was cursed and accused Emmalyn of witchcraft and had her executed.
Who had then married jane Seymour who would finally bear him a son, Edward?
Unfortunately, although jane Seymour would die postpartum
Complications shortly after henry married three more times after his death producing only Mary
Elizabeth and hers her son Edward, who would succeed him as Edward the six and
1547 in cruel irony although Edward would die before the age of sixteen of tuberculosis.
Leaving only Mary and Elizabeth to inherit the throne Mary after getting rid of lady jane gray she became queen in
1553 there was an interesting twist on this even though Mary was a catholic
He was quite adamant about England's return to Catholicism
So after the English have been intimidated and faced death for resisting
Anglicanism now Mary turned around and harassed and executed Anglicans who refused to convert back to Catholicism.
This was not the time to be openly pious and Mary burned nearly 300 protestants alive as a
Result that gave her the nickname of bloody Mary Mary died in
1558 and the English didn't miss her
Despite attempts to secure a catholic on the throne, including Felipe, her husband, the king of Spain, she would be replaced by her.
Protestant house sister Elizabeth Elizabeth would rule for nearly 50 years
Ensuring in a golden age in English history known as the Elizabethan era, one of Elizabeth's first acts was, of course, England's return to Protestantism.
This led the pope to declare her illegitimate and heretical of her, but Elizabeth, wisely enough, was not so aggressive.
On
Protestantism like her
Her predecessors have been that she was more tolerant of Catholics and consequently she maintained a decent amount of peace in England between different religious groups.
From the day that Elizabeth never married and had no children, which earned her the title of virgin queen
Later, the English would name an American colony in her honor, Virginia.
It is unknown why she chose never to marry; she claimed that her husband was England and her children were English.
Most likely it was related to the political instability that a marriage could have caused especially for a queen.
But she, in fact, she had many suitors and she fell in love with a man named Robert Dudley during Elizabeth's English renaissance reign.
Culture would flourish being the most notable figure of this time William Shakespeare considered perhaps one of the greatest writers in the history of mankind.
Just because Elizabeth was more tolerant of English Catholics does not mean that foreign catholic nations were tolerant of her and
She would be forced to grapple with the plots and complex of other great catholic powers of the time, such as France and Spain.
One of the first steps of her regarding this political and religious situation was to spread
Protestantism in Scotland
Attempting to break the Franco-Scottish alliance knowing that France could use Scotland as an ally in a potential war as she had done with many
Times throughout history
Part of the reason for this threat came from Mary, the queen of scots, who had also been the queen of France for only a
Year and also the
Great-granddaughter of henry the seventh of England catholic Europe recognized Mary a
Catholic as the rightful ruler of England she married henry Stuart, an English catholic with
Coming to the English throne too, naturally, this worried Elizabeth a lot and he would spend years fighting with her.
Eventually Mary was overthrown by the Scottish nobility and she fled to England for protection, although Elizabeth would not have it.
I am incarcerated Mary for eighteen and a half years until she finally executed her for conspiring to murder her.
Elizabeth would try to avoid conflict during her reign, though
She sent forces to help the Dutch protestants against the Spanish catholic rulers, while Spain supported the Irish Catholics against the English.
An intrusion like this would lead to the Anglo-Spanish war in
1585 the situation worsened in 1587 when Mary, the queen of Scotland, was executed by this outraged king Felipe of Spain.
Mary had left in her will that Philip would inherit from her her right to the English throne should she be killed and Philip promised to put
A catholic monarch on the English throne and indeed received the support of the pope to overthrow her, began to prepare a fleet however
Was it the sabotage of sir Francis drake a year later, the Spanish were a couple sailing towards England?
But English tactics and unfavorable weather
She successfully repelled the Spanish armada while under the command of Charles Howard and again Francis drake as he addressed his forces in
Preparation for a possible Spanish invasion of the island Elizabeth is quoted as saying that my beloved people
We have been persuaded by some careful tsar of our safety to pay attention
How we compromise with the armed mob for fear of betrayal
But i assure you that i do not want to live to distrust my faithful and loving people.
I know that i have the body but of a weak and weak woman
But i have the heart and stomach of a king and also of a king of England.
And i believe that the contempt of Parma or Spain or any prince of Europe dares to invade the borders of my kingdom
Elizabeth had defended the protestant religion in England and she too had promoted it from foreign rule.
She led England during a time when great figures like Shakespeare Francis bacon and Francis drake lived and lived
Successfully challenging Spanish power, she paved the way for England to become a greater power, thus opening a path to the Americas.
She died in
1603 as the last Tudor monarchy, it was initially succeeded by king James, who was also king of Scotland as the son of
Mary queen of scots
Despite being the son of a fervent catholic, James had converted to Protestantism.
And he was determined to keep
England in that way will take up what happens with James in the next content to see more content like this and content about
Many other topics be sure to check out fire learning and subscribe. Thanks for watching.
The History of England (part-4)
england history timeline,brief history of england,history of britain timeline,when was britain discovered,great britain,when was britain founded,first king of england,when was england founded
history,natural history museum,seven years war,american museum of natural history,museum of natural history,national museum of natural history,7 years war,teddy roosevelt statue,national museum of african american history and culture,history museum,national museum of american history,natural history museum ice rink,african american history
0 Comments